ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Introducción: El personal sanitario representa la primera respuesta del sistema de salud en la pandemia de la COVID-19, por ello, es importante valorar su conocimiento sobre la identificación y atención de pacientes con la COVID-19. Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados a la percepción del conocimiento de médicos residentes ante la atención de pacientes con la COVID-19 y describir la percepción de la salud mental durante la pandemia de la COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio transversal, realizado en 2020 en hospitales del Perú. Se empleó la escala "Perception of Knowledge in Health Workers" (alpha de Cronbach: 0,77). También, se empleó la escala "Mental Health COVID-19" (alpha de Cronbach: 0,88). Se realizó estadística bivariada y multivariada. Resultados: De los 200 encuestados, el 12 % y 5 % manifestaron que eran capaces de reconocer a un caso sospechoso y atender un paciente diagnosticado, respectivamente. El 41 % y 35 % estuvo muy de acuerdo con el miedo/preocupación de contagiar a su familia y sentir el maltrato por los pocos equipos de protección personal, respectivamente. En el análisis multivariado, la percepción del conocimiento se asoció a trabajar en emergencias (p= 0,007), a la cantidad de amistades positivos a la COVID-19 (p= 0,012) y a realizar recientemente una intubación (p= 0,035); estas fueron ajustadas por el puntaje de la percepción de salud mental. Conclusiones: Trabajar en emergencias, haber tenido contacto con pacientes contagiados y haber realizado procedimientos médico-quirúrgicos influyen en la percepción de conocimientos de los médicos sobre la atención de pacientes con la COVID-19.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Health personnel represent the first response of the health system in the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, it is important to assess their knowledge about the identification and care of patients with COVID-19. Objective: To identify the factors associated with the perception of knowledge of Peruvian resident physicians regarding the care of patients with COVID-19 and to describe the perception of mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional study, carried out in 2020 in hospitals in Peru. The "Perception of Knowledge in Health Workers" scale was used (Cronbach's Alpha: 0.77). And also, the "Mental Health COVID-19" scale was used (Cronbach's Alpha: 0.88). Bivariate and multivariate statistics were performed. Results: Of the 200 respondents, 12% and 5% stated that they were able to recognize a suspected case and care for a diagnosed patient, respectively; 41% and 35% strongly agreed with the fear/concern of infecting their family and feeling mistreatment due to the lack of personal protective equipment, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the perception of knowledge was associated with working in emergencies (p= 0.007), with the number of positive friends for COVID-19 (p= 0.012) and with having recently undergone intubation (p= 0.035); these were adjusted by the mental health perception score. Conclusions: Working in emergencies, having had contact with infected patients and having performed medical-surgical procedures influence the perception of knowledge of doctors about the care of patients with COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
Actualmente la infección por coronavirus (COVID-19) se ha convertido en un problema de salud públicaa nivel mundial. En diciembre del 2019, en la ciudad de Wuhan, provincia de Hubei, China, se reportaronlos primeros casos de neumonía de etiología desconocida, los cuales se incrementaron rápidamente enotras provincias del país. Posteriormente, se identificó al coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 como agente causal y, a mediados de enero del2020 la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) reportó más de 280 casos confirmados de COVID-19 enChina, Tailandia, Japón y Corea.
Currently the coronavirus (COVID-19) infection has become a public health problem worldwide. In December 2019, in the city of Wuhan, province of Hubei, China, the first cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology were reported, which incremented rapidly in other provinces of the country. Subsequently, SARS-CoV2 was identified as the causal agent and in mid-January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported over 280 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in China, Thailand, Japan and Korea. In South America, the first case of COVID-19 is made known on February 26, 2020 in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil, identified as a male patient of 61 years of age from the region of Lombardy in Italy. Soon after there were other confirmed cases imported from the Asian and European continents in other south American countries.